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Chinese refuges tends a cooking fire to boil water next to the train tracks in Liuzhou during WWII, in the fall of 1944, as the Japanese advanced during the Ichigo campaign.

A Chinese refugee resting and hiding from the heat near a train at Liuzhou during the evacuation in Guangxi during the fall of 1944.

A Chinese refugee making shade from the hot sun between train cars. At the train station in Liuzhou during WWII, in the fall of 1944, as the Japanese advanced during the Ichigo campaign.

Chinese refugee waits atop flatbed car at the train station in Liuzhou during WWII, in the fall of 1944, as the Japanese advanced during the Ichigo campaign.

A GI and a local elite (ie, the daughter or wife of an important local person) pay respects to a refugee at the train station in Liuzhou during WWII, in the fall of 1944, as the Japanese advanced during the Ichigo campaign.

A refugee train at Liuzhou, Guangxi province, China, during the Japanese Ichigo campaign. During WWII.

Chinese refugees at the train station in Liuzhou during WWII, in the fall of 1944, as the Japanese advanced during the Ichigo campaign.

Chinese refugees make do at the train station in Liuzhou during WWII, in the fall of 1944, as the Japanese advanced during the Ichigo campaign.

Chinese refugees at the train station in Liuzhou during WWII, in the fall of 1944, as the Japanese advanced during the Ichigo campaign.

Chinese refugees take a meal at the train station in Liuzhou during WWII, in the fall of 1944, as the Japanese advanced during the Ichigo campaign.